[tor-commits] [tor-browser-spec/master] Inital LaTex import of Georg's sections.
mikeperry at torproject.org
mikeperry at torproject.org
Mon May 4 18:32:55 UTC 2015
commit f550afc2aed73937cbe0ff74b30f7cc0b068033a
Author: Mike Perry <mikeperry-git at torproject.org>
Date: Thu Apr 30 15:09:40 2015 -0700
Inital LaTex import of Georg's sections.
---
position-papers/HTTP3/HTTP3.bbl | 60 +++
position-papers/HTTP3/HTTP3.tex | 128 +++++
position-papers/HTTP3/llncs.cls | 1016 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
position-papers/HTTP3/usenix.sty | 97 ++++
4 files changed, 1301 insertions(+)
diff --git a/position-papers/HTTP3/HTTP3.bbl b/position-papers/HTTP3/HTTP3.bbl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..feb7b6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/position-papers/HTTP3/HTTP3.bbl
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+\begin{thebibliography}{10}
+
+\bibitem{web-send}
+Tyler Close, Rajiv Makhijani, Mark Seaborn, Kenton Varda, Johan Apelqvist,
+ Claes Nilsson, and Mike Hanson.
+\newblock {Web Introducer}.
+\newblock \url{http://web-send.org/introducer/}.
+
+\bibitem{target}
+Charles Duhigg.
+\newblock {How Companies Learn Your Secrets}.
+\newblock
+ \url{https://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/19/magazine/shopping-habits.html?pagewa%
+nted=9}.
+
+\bibitem{panopticlick}
+Peter Eckersley.
+\newblock How unique is your web browser?
+\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Privacy
+ enhancing technologies}, PETS'10, pages 1--18, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010.
+ Springer-Verlag.
+
+\bibitem{DNT-adoption}
+Alex Fowler.
+\newblock {Mozilla Led Effort for DNT Finds Broad Support}.
+\newblock
+ \url{https://blog.mozilla.org/privacy/2012/02/23/mozilla-led-effort-for-dnt-%
+finds-broad-support/}.
+
+\bibitem{safecache}
+Collin Jackson and Dan Boneh.
+\newblock Protecting browser state from web privacy attacks.
+\newblock In {\em In Proceedings of the International World Wide Web
+ Conference}, pages 737--744, 2006.
+
+\bibitem{DNT-draft}
+J.~Mayer, A.~Narayanan, and S.~Stamm.
+\newblock {Do Not Track: A Universal Third-Party Web Tracking Opt Out}.
+\newblock \url{https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-mayer-do-not-track-00}.
+
+\bibitem{fourthparty}
+Jonathan~R. Mayer and John~C. Mitchell.
+\newblock {Third-Party Web Tracking: Policy and Technology}.
+\newblock \url{https://www.stanford.edu/~jmayer/papers/trackingsurvey12.pdf}.
+
+\bibitem{Persona}
+Mozilla~Developer Network.
+\newblock {Persona}.
+\newblock \url{https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/persona}.
+
+\bibitem{torbrowser}
+Mike Perry.
+\newblock {The Design and Implementation of the Tor Browser}.
+\newblock \url{https://www.torproject.org/projects/torbrowser/design/}.
+
+\bibitem{thirdparty}
+Dan Witte.
+\newblock \url{https://wiki.mozilla.org/Thirdparty}.
+
+\end{thebibliography}
diff --git a/position-papers/HTTP3/HTTP3.tex b/position-papers/HTTP3/HTTP3.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9f2ab0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/position-papers/HTTP3/HTTP3.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+%\documentclass{llncs}
+\documentclass[letterpaper,11pt]{llncs}
+%\documentclass{article} % llncs
+
+\usepackage{usenix}
+\usepackage{url}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{epsfig}
+\usepackage{epsf}
+\usepackage{listings}
+
+%\setlength{\textwidth}{6in}
+%\setlength{\textheight}{8.4in}
+%\setlength{\topmargin}{.5cm}
+%\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{1cm}
+%\setlength{\evensidemargin}{1cm}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\title{The Future of HTTP and Anonymity on the Internet}
+
+\author{Georg Koppen \\ The Tor Project, Inc \\ georg at torproject.org}
+\author{Mike Perry \\ The Tor Project, Inc \\ mikeperry at torproject.org}
+
+%\institute{The Internet}
+
+\maketitle
+\pagestyle{plain}
+
+\begin{abstract}
+
+
+\end{abstract}
+
+
+\section{Introduction}
+
+% XXX: Describe our organization? The Tor Project, Inc is a non-profit...
+
+% XXX: In this position paper, we describe the current and potential issues with
+
+Dangers and opportunities with resepect to browsing the Internet anonymously are
+often tied to the browser itself and not its underlying transport protocols:
+canvas fingerprinting, plugin enumeration and linking users via the DOM storage
+are just a few of the means the browser offers for trying to single users out.
+And even things like cookies and referrers, although belonging strictly speaking
+to HTTP, the transport protocol powering the web, are usually seen in the
+context of the browser itself as its additional policies shape the particular
+tracking potential of these and other transport related features.
+This is not much different for features in HTTP/2 although, compared to
+HTTP/1.1, it has a growing list of tracking risks that should be addressed in
+the specification itself. We discuss some of them below proposing ways to take
+these and other risks into account in future HTTP specifications.
+
+Apart from the dangers we just hinted at, beginning with HTTP/2 opportunities
+emerge as well: Using HTTP/2's flow control could make it easier to defend
+against adversaries sniffing a user's encrypted traffic and trying to extract
+information out of it by means of website traffic fingerprinting. We discuss
+current limitations and potential improvements for HTTP/3.
+
+\section{A Short Tracking Guide(1)}
+
+
+If we are talking about tracking on the Internet then we mainly have third-party
+tracking in mind. In this scenario the attacker has basically two mechanisms
+available: identifier based tracking (e.g. using cookies or cache cookies) and
+fingerprinting a user's device or environment.
+
+Additionally, we may encounter powerful parties that see a lot of a user's
+traffic due to being in a privileged position (e.g. search engines). They don't
+necessarily need to bother with third party tracking and would still be able to
+learn a lot of a user's details by correlating traffic which is endangering her
+anonymity.
+
+The defenses we develop in Tor Browser are:
+
+1) Binding identifiers to the URL bar domain. This is retaining functionality
+while preventing cross-origin identifier linkability: saving third party
+identifiers (e.g. via DOM storage) in a URL bar domain context does not make
+them available in a different URL bar domain context.
+2) Making users as uniform as possible while not breaking functionality.
+3) Providing a "New Identity" button that is clearing all browser state and
+giving the user a clean, new session.
+
+
+\subsection{User Tracking with HTTP}
+
+\subsection{Re-Using Connections}
+Coalescing connections might allow tracking users across origins just by means
+of HTTP. Together with a long keep-alive this might make it easy to correlate a
+lot of cross-domain traffic of a privacy conscious user even if she has
+JavaScript and third-party cookies disabled. Granted, having this feature in
+HTTP/2 is a big deal especially with respect to CDNs. But still we think
+allowing implementers to provide means to mitigate the issue directly in the
+specification seems worthwhile to do. This does not imply avoiding coalescing
+connections in the first place. Not at all. One could think about proposing a
+middle ground safe-guarding privacy while still providing advantages speed- and
+resource-wise: connections should not be reused across different URL bar
+domains.
+
+\subsection{Timing Side-Channels}
+
+PING and SETTINGS frames are acknowledged immediately by the client which might
+give servers the option to collect information about a client via timing
+side-channels. It is true, there are other means an attacker could use for the
+same purpose but they are either visible in the browser UI or users can disable
+them. As a countermeasure the specification could at least allow jitter in some
+cases (PING frames come to mind). If that is not an option one could specify
+that a client may close the connection to prevent timing side-channel attacks.
+
+
+\section{A Short Website Traffic Fingerprinting Guide}
+
+
+\subsection{Defending against Website Traffic Fingerprinting with HTTP}
+
+(1) For a detailed explanation including a theroretical background see:
+https://www.torproject.org/projects/torbrowser/design/.
+
+\section{Conclusions}
+
+
+\bibliographystyle{plain} \bibliography{W3C-DNT}
+
+\clearpage
+\appendix
+
+\end{document}
diff --git a/position-papers/HTTP3/llncs.cls b/position-papers/HTTP3/llncs.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0308e57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/position-papers/HTTP3/llncs.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,1016 @@
+% LLNCS DOCUMENT CLASS -- version 2.8
+% for LaTeX2e
+%
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{llncs}[2000/05/16 v2.8
+^^JLaTeX document class for Lecture Notes in Computer Science]
+% Options
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+\DeclareOption{envcountreset}{\let\if at envcntreset\iftrue}
+\DeclareOption{citeauthoryear}{\let\citeauthoryear=Y}
+\DeclareOption{oribibl}{\let\oribibl=Y}
+\let\if at custvec\iftrue
+\DeclareOption{orivec}{\let\if at custvec\iffalse}
+\let\if at envcntsame\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsame}{\let\if at envcntsame\iftrue}
+\let\if at envcntsect\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{envcountsect}{\let\if at envcntsect\iftrue}
+\let\if at runhead\iffalse
+\DeclareOption{runningheads}{\let\if at runhead\iftrue}
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+\let\if at openbib\iffalse
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+
+\DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{article}}
+
+\ProcessOptions
+
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+\RequirePackage{multicol} % needed for the list of participants, index
+
+\setlength{\textwidth}{12.2cm}
+\setlength{\textheight}{19.3cm}
+
+% Ragged bottom for the actual page
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+
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+ \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
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+ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@
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+
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+ \@endpart}
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+{\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}
+{\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}
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+ \large % same size as for a contribution heading
+ \bfseries\boldmath % set line in boldface
+ \leavevmode % TeX command to enter horizontal mode.
+ #1\par
+ \vskip5pt
+ \hrule
+ \vskip1pt
+ \nobreak % Never break after part entry
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\@dotsep{2}
+
+\def\hyperhrefextend{\ifx\hyper at anchor\@undefined\else
+{chapter.\thechapter}\fi}
+
+\def\addnumcontentsmark#1#2#3{%
+\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{\protect\numberline
+ {\thechapter}#3}{\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}}
+\def\addcontentsmark#1#2#3{%
+\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}}
+\def\addcontentsmarkwop#1#2#3{%
+\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{0}\hyperhrefextend}}
+
+\def\@adcmk[#1]{\ifcase #1 \or
+\def\@gtempa{\addnumcontentsmark}%
+ \or \def\@gtempa{\addcontentsmark}%
+ \or \def\@gtempa{\addcontentsmarkwop}%
+ \fi\@gtempa{toc}{chapter}}
+\def\addtocmark{\@ifnextchar[{\@adcmk}{\@adcmk[3]}}
+
+\def\l at chapter#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}
+ \vskip 1.0em plus 1pt \@tempdima 1.5em \begingroup
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+ \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+ \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip
+ {\large\bfseries\boldmath#1}\ifx0#2\hfil\null
+ \else
+ \nobreak
+ \leaders\hbox{$\m at th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern
+ \@dotsep mu$}\hfill
+ \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}%
+ \fi\par
+ \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}
+
+\def\l at title#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}
+ \addvspace{8pt plus 1pt}
+ \@tempdima \z@
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg
+ \parfillskip -\@tocrmarg
+ \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip
+ #1\nobreak
+ \leaders\hbox{$\m at th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern
+ \@dotsep mu$}\hfill
+ \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
+ \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}
+
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{0}
+\newdimen\tocchpnum
+\newdimen\tocsecnum
+\newdimen\tocsectotal
+\newdimen\tocsubsecnum
+\newdimen\tocsubsectotal
+\newdimen\tocsubsubsecnum
+\newdimen\tocsubsubsectotal
+\newdimen\tocparanum
+\newdimen\tocparatotal
+\newdimen\tocsubparanum
+\tocchpnum=\z@ % no chapter numbers
+\tocsecnum=15\p@ % section 88. plus 2.222pt
+\tocsubsecnum=23\p@ % subsection 88.8 plus 2.222pt
+\tocsubsubsecnum=27\p@ % subsubsection 88.8.8 plus 1.444pt
+\tocparanum=35\p@ % paragraph 88.8.8.8 plus 1.666pt
+\tocsubparanum=43\p@ % subparagraph 88.8.8.8.8 plus 1.888pt
+\def\calctocindent{%
+\tocsectotal=\tocchpnum
+\advance\tocsectotal by\tocsecnum
+\tocsubsectotal=\tocsectotal
+\advance\tocsubsectotal by\tocsubsecnum
+\tocsubsubsectotal=\tocsubsectotal
+\advance\tocsubsubsectotal by\tocsubsubsecnum
+\tocparatotal=\tocsubsubsectotal
+\advance\tocparatotal by\tocparanum}
+\calctocindent
+
+\def\l at section{\@dottedtocline{1}{\tocchpnum}{\tocsecnum}}
+\def\l at subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{\tocsectotal}{\tocsubsecnum}}
+\def\l at subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{\tocsubsectotal}{\tocsubsubsecnum}}
+\def\l at paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{\tocsubsubsectotal}{\tocparanum}}
+\def\l at subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{\tocparatotal}{\tocsubparanum}}
+
+\def\listoffigures{\@restonecolfalse\if at twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+ \fi\section*{\listfigurename\@mkboth{{\listfigurename}}{{\listfigurename}}}
+ \@starttoc{lof}\if at restonecol\twocolumn\fi}
+\def\l at figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{0em}{1.5em}}
+
+\def\listoftables{\@restonecolfalse\if at twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+ \fi\section*{\listtablename\@mkboth{{\listtablename}}{{\listtablename}}}
+ \@starttoc{lot}\if at restonecol\twocolumn\fi}
+\let\l at table\l at figure
+
+\renewcommand\listoffigures{%
+ \section*{\listfigurename
+ \@mkboth{\listfigurename}{\listfigurename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lof}%
+ }
+
+\renewcommand\listoftables{%
+ \section*{\listtablename
+ \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%
+ \@starttoc{lot}%
+ }
+
+\ifx\oribibl\undefined
+\ifx\citeauthoryear\undefined
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname}
+ \def\@biblabel##1{##1.}
+ \small
+ \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c at enumiv}}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \if at openbib
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ \fi
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p at enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c at enumiv}}%
+ \if at openbib
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}%
+ \else
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
+ \fi
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.=\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex at warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if at filesw
+ {\let\protect\noexpand\immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+\newcount\@tempcntc
+\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if at filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
+ \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m at ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
+ {\@ifundefined
+ {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m at ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries
+ ?}\@warning
+ {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
+ {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m at ne
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%
+ \else
+ \advance\@tempcntb\@ne
+ \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc
+ \else\advance\@tempcntb\m at ne\@citeo
+ \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}
+\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else
+ \@citea\def\@citea{,\,\hskip\z at skip}%
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else
+ {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else
+ \def\@citea{--}\fi
+ \advance\@tempcnta\m at ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}
+\else
+\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+ {\section*{\refname}
+ \small
+ \list{}%
+ {\settowidth\labelwidth{}%
+ \leftmargin\parindent
+ \itemindent=-\parindent
+ \labelsep=\z@
+ \if at openbib
+ \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+ \itemindent -\bibindent
+ \listparindent \itemindent
+ \parsep \z@
+ \fi
+ \usecounter{enumiv}%
+ \let\p at enumiv\@empty
+ \renewcommand\theenumiv{}}%
+ \if at openbib
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\par}%
+ \else
+ \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
+ \fi
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
+ \sfcode`\.=\@m}
+ {\def\@noitemerr
+ {\@latex at warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+ \endlist}
+ \def\@cite#1{#1}%
+ \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[]\if at filesw
+ {\def\protect##1{\string ##1\space}\immediate
+ \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}
+ \fi
+\else
+\@cons\@openbib at code{\noexpand\small}
+\fi
+
+\def\idxquad{\hskip 10\p@}% space that divides entry from number
+
+\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 10\p@}
+
+\def\subitem{\par\setbox0=\hbox{--\enspace}% second order
+ \noindent\hangindent\wd0\box0}% index entry
+
+\def\subsubitem{\par\setbox0=\hbox{--\,--\enspace}% third
+ \noindent\hangindent\wd0\box0}% order index entry
+
+\def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ plus5\p@ minus3\p@\relax}
+
+\renewenvironment{theindex}
+ {\@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%
+ \thispagestyle{empty}\parindent\z@
+ \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+ \let\item\par
+ \def\,{\relax\ifmmode\mskip\thinmuskip
+ \else\hskip0.2em\ignorespaces\fi}%
+ \normalfont\small
+ \begin{multicols}{2}[\@makeschapterhead{\indexname}]%
+ }
+ {\end{multicols}}
+
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+ \kern-3\p@
+ \hrule\@width 2truecm
+ \kern2.6\p@}
+ \newdimen\fnindent
+ \fnindent1em
+\long\def\@makefntext#1{%
+ \parindent \fnindent%
+ \leftskip \fnindent%
+ \noindent
+ \llap{\hb at xt@1em{\hss\@makefnmark\ }}\ignorespaces#1}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \vskip\abovecaptionskip
+ \sbox\@tempboxa{{\bfseries #1.} #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ {\bfseries #1.} #2\par
+ \else
+ \global \@minipagefalse
+ \hb at xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \vskip\belowcaptionskip}
+
+\def\fps at figure{htbp}
+\def\fnum at figure{\figurename\thinspace\thefigure}
+\def \@floatboxreset {%
+ \reset at font
+ \small
+ \@setnobreak
+ \@setminipage
+}
+\def\fps at table{htbp}
+\def\fnum at table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\renewenvironment{table}
+ {\setlength\abovecaptionskip{0\p@}%
+ \setlength\belowcaptionskip{10\p@}%
+ \@float{table}}
+ {\end at float}
+\renewenvironment{table*}
+ {\setlength\abovecaptionskip{0\p@}%
+ \setlength\belowcaptionskip{10\p@}%
+ \@dblfloat{table}}
+ {\end at dblfloat}
+
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname
+ ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+% LaTeX does not provide a command to enter the authors institute
+% addresses. The \institute command is defined here.
+
+\newcounter{@inst}
+\newcounter{@auth}
+\newcounter{auco}
+\def\andname{and}
+\def\lastandname{\unskip, and}
+\newdimen\instindent
+\newbox\authrun
+\newtoks\authorrunning
+\newtoks\tocauthor
+\newbox\titrun
+\newtoks\titlerunning
+\newtoks\toctitle
+
+\def\clearheadinfo{\gdef\@author{No Author Given}%
+ \gdef\@title{No Title Given}%
+ \gdef\@subtitle{}%
+ \gdef\@institute{No Institute Given}%
+ \gdef\@thanks{}%
+ \global\titlerunning={}\global\authorrunning={}%
+ \global\toctitle={}\global\tocauthor={}}
+
+\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}
+
+\def\institutename{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \parskip=\z@
+ \parindent=\z@
+ \setcounter{@inst}{1}%
+ \def\and{\par\stepcounter{@inst}%
+ \noindent$^{\the at inst}$\enspace\ignorespaces}%
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}%
+ \ifnum\c@@inst=1\relax
+ \else
+ \setcounter{footnote}{\c@@inst}%
+ \setcounter{@inst}{1}%
+ \noindent$^{\the at inst}$\enspace
+ \fi
+ \ignorespaces
+ \@institute\par
+ \endgroup}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ensuremath{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or
+ {\star\star\star}\or \dagger\or \ddagger\or
+ \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
+ \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi}}
+
+\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}
+\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}
+\def\email#1{{\tt#1}}
+\AtBeginDocument{\@ifundefined{url}{\def\url#1{#1}}{}}
+\def\homedir{\~{ }}
+
+\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}
+\clearheadinfo
+
+\renewcommand\maketitle{\newpage
+ \refstepcounter{chapter}%
+ \stepcounter{section}%
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \setcounter{figure}{0}
+ \setcounter{table}{0}
+ \setcounter{equation}{0}
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \begingroup
+ \parindent=\z@
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c at footnote}%
+ \if at twocolumn
+ \ifnum \col at number=\@ne
+ \@maketitle
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \newpage
+ \global\@topnum\z@ % Prevents figures from going at top of page.
+ \@maketitle
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{empty}\@thanks
+%
+ \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%
+ \instindent=\hsize
+ \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent
+ \if!\the\toctitle!\addcontentsline{toc}{title}{\@title}\else
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{title}{\the\toctitle}\fi
+ \if at runhead
+ \if!\the\titlerunning!\else
+ \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title}%
+ \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{Title too long for running head. Please supply}%
+ \typeout{a shorter form with \string\titlerunning\space prior to
+ \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%
+ \fi
+%
+ \if!\the\tocauthor!\relax
+ {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%
+ \protected at xdef\toc at uthor{\@author}}%
+ \else
+ \def\\{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\newline}%
+ \protected at xdef\scratch{\the\tocauthor}%
+ \protected at xdef\toc at uthor{\scratch}%
+ \fi
+ \addtocontents{toc}{{\protect\raggedright\protect\leftskip15\p@
+ \protect\rightskip\@tocrmarg
+ \protect\itshape\toc at uthor\protect\endgraf}}%
+ \if at runhead
+ \if!\the\authorrunning!
+ \value{@inst}=\value{@auth}%
+ \setcounter{@auth}{1}%
+ \else
+ \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%
+ \fi
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\unboldmath\@author\unskip}%
+ \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent
+ \typeout{Names of authors too long for running head. Please supply}%
+ \typeout{a shorter form with \string\authorrunning\space prior to
+ \string\maketitle}%
+ \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm
+ Authors Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%
+ \fi
+ \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%
+ \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \clearheadinfo}
+%
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ \markboth{}{}%
+ \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{@inst}=2\relax
+ \unskip{} \andname\
+ \else
+ \unskip \lastandname\
+ \fi}%
+ \def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}\relax
+ \ifnum\value{@auth}=\value{@inst}%
+ \lastand
+ \else
+ \unskip,
+ \fi}%
+ \begin{center}%
+ {\Large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \@title \par}\vskip .8cm
+\if!\@subtitle!\else {\large \bfseries\boldmath
+ \vskip -.65cm
+ \pretolerance=10000
+ \@subtitle \par}\vskip .8cm\fi
+ \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{@auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}}%
+ \def\thanks##1{}\@author}%
+ \global\value{@inst}=\value{@auth}%
+ \global\value{auco}=\value{@auth}%
+ \setcounter{@auth}{1}%
+{\lineskip .5em
+\noindent\ignorespaces
+\@author\vskip.35cm}
+ {\small\institutename}
+ \end{center}%
+ }
+
+% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.
+%
+% Usage:
+%
+% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}
+%
+% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for
+% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.
+%
+% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.
+%
+% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described
+% by Lamport.
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\@thmcountersep{}
+\def\@thmcounterend{.}
+
+\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem with number
+
+\def\@spnthm#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}
+
+\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand
+ \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#2}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}
+
+\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\refstepcounter{#1}%
+\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}
+
+\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%
+ \ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname
+ the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}
+
+\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}
+
+% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number
+
+\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}
+
+\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}
+
+\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
+\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}
+
+\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}
+ {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+
+\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}
+
+\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}
+
+\if at envcntsect
+ \def\@thmcountersep{.}
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\else
+ \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+ \if at envcntreset
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}
+ \else
+ \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
+ \fi
+\fi
+
+%definition of divers theorem environments
+\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\if at envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.
+ \def\spn at wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}
+\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler
+ \if at envcntsect % mit section numeriert
+ \def\spn at wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}
+ \else % nicht mit section numeriert
+ \if at envcntreset
+ \def\spn at wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}
+ \else
+ \def\spn at wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
+ \@addtoreset{#1}{chapter}}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\spn at wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn at wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn at wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn at wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn at wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn at wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn at wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn at wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn at wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn at wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn at wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}
+\spn at wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn at wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+\spn at wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}
+
+\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \let\@tempd\@elt
+ \def\@elt##1{%
+ \def\@tempb{##1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else
+ \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%
+ \fi}%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname
+ \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \@tempc
+ \let\@elt\@tempd}
+
+\def\theopargself{\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}
+ \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}
+ }
+
+\renewenvironment{abstract}{%
+ \list{}{\advance\topsep by0.35cm\relax\small
+ \leftmargin=1cm
+ \labelwidth=\z@
+ \listparindent=\z@
+ \itemindent\listparindent
+ \rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[\hskip\labelsep
+ \bfseries\abstractname]}
+ {\endlist}
+\renewcommand{\abstractname}{Abstract}
+\renewcommand{\contentsname}{Table of Contents}
+\renewcommand{\figurename}{Fig.}
+\renewcommand{\tablename}{Table}
+
+\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between
+\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.
+
+\def\ps at headings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\normalfont\small\rlap{\thepage}\hspace{\headlineindent}%
+ \leftmark\hfil}
+ \def\@oddhead{\normalfont\small\hfil\rightmark\hspace{\headlineindent}%
+ \llap{\thepage}}
+ \def\chaptermark##1{}%
+ \def\sectionmark##1{}%
+ \def\subsectionmark##1{}}
+
+\def\ps at titlepage{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+ \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+ \def\@evenhead{\normalfont\small\rlap{\thepage}\hspace{\headlineindent}%
+ \hfil}
+ \def\@oddhead{\normalfont\small\hfil\hspace{\headlineindent}%
+ \llap{\thepage}}
+ \def\chaptermark##1{}%
+ \def\sectionmark##1{}%
+ \def\subsectionmark##1{}}
+
+\if at runhead\ps at headings\else
+\ps at empty\fi
+
+\setlength\arraycolsep{1.4\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{1.4\p@}
+
+\endinput
+
diff --git a/position-papers/HTTP3/usenix.sty b/position-papers/HTTP3/usenix.sty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22935a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/position-papers/HTTP3/usenix.sty
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+% usenix-2e.sty - to be used with latex2e (the new one) for USENIX.
+% To use this style file, do this:
+%
+% \documentclass[twocolumn]{article}
+% \usepackage{usenix-2e}
+% and put {\rm ....} around the author names.
+%
+% The following definitions are modifications of standard article.sty
+% definitions, arranged to do a better job of matching the USENIX
+% guidelines.
+% It will automatically select two-column mode and the Times-Roman
+% font.
+
+%
+% USENIX papers are two-column.
+% Times-Roman font is nice if you can get it (requires NFSS,
+% which is in latex2e.
+
+%\if at twocolumn\else\input twocolumn.sty\fi
+\usepackage{times}
+
+%
+% USENIX wants margins of: 7/8" side, 1" bottom, and 3/4" top.
+% 0.25" gutter between columns.
+% Gives active areas of 6.75" x 9.25"
+%
+\setlength{\textheight}{9.0in}
+\setlength{\columnsep}{0.25in}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{6.75in}
+%\setlength{\textwidth}{7.00in}
+%\setlength{\footheight}{0.0in}
+\setlength{\topmargin}{-0.25in}
+\setlength{\headheight}{0.0in}
+\setlength{\headsep}{0.0in}
+\setlength{\evensidemargin}{-0.125in}
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.125in}
+
+%
+% Usenix wants no page numbers for submitted papers, so that they can
+% number them themselves.
+%
+\pagestyle{empty}
+
+%
+% Usenix titles are in 14-point bold type, with no date, and with no
+% change in the empty page headers. The whol author section is 12 point
+% italic--- you must use {\rm } around the actual author names to get
+% them in roman.
+%
+\def\maketitle{\par
+ \begingroup
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{\hbox to\z@{$\m at th^{\@thefnmark}$\hss}}%
+ \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent 1em\noindent
+ \hbox to1.8em{\hss$\m at th^{\@thefnmark}$}##1}%
+ \if at twocolumn
+ \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
+ \else \newpage
+ \global\@topnum\z@
+ \@maketitle \fi\@thanks
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \let\maketitle\relax
+ \let\@maketitle\relax
+ \gdef\@thanks{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}\let\thanks\relax}
+
+\def\@maketitle{\newpage
+ %\vbox to 0.5in{
+ \vbox to 1.5in{
+ %\vspace*{\fill}
+ %\vskip 2em
+ \begin{center}%
+ {\Large\bf \@title \par}%
+ \vskip 0.250in minus 0.250in
+ {\large\it
+ \lineskip .5em
+ \begin{tabular}[t]{c}\@author
+ \end{tabular}\par}%
+ \end{center}%
+ \par
+ \vspace*{\fill}
+% \vskip 1.5em
+ }
+}
+
+%
+% The abstract is preceded by a 12-pt bold centered heading
+\def\abstract{\begin{center}%
+{\large\bf \abstractname\vspace{-.5em}\vspace{\z@}}%
+\end{center}}
+\def\endabstract{}
+
+%
+% Main section titles are 12-pt bold. Others can be same or smaller.
+%
+\def\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-3.5ex plus-1ex minus
+ -.2ex}{2.3ex plus.2ex}{\reset at font\large\bf}}
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